The first benefit you get from researching espionage technology is that you can get more information about incoming fleets – in the first instance you will only see that a fleet moves towards your planet. First of all, a research, which is available very early (requirements: research lab level 3). To use this feature, you need the espionage technology. The espionage provides an opportunity to check how much resources, ships and defensive structures are on your neighbours’ planets. But not any player is a worthwhile target, and not anybody can just be attacked.
Besides the mine production, which is easy to reach, you can get resources also by raids, which means, attacks on other players, which will be explained in the next chapter Raids. As you already have noticed for sure, OGame is about collecting as mush resources as you can, to invest them in buildings and structures – therefore in points.